.. _MPAS-DYAMOND-SUMMER: MPAS ======================================== Model description ----------------- MPAS is an atmospheric model that consists of an atmospheric fluid-flow solver (the dynamical core) and a subset of the Advanced Research WRF (ARW) model atmospheric physics. The dynamical core solves the fully compressible non-hydrostatic equations of motion. MPAS uses an unstructured centroidal Voronoi mesh (grid, or tessellation) and C-grid staggering of the state variables as the basis for the horizontal discretisation in the fluid-flow solver. For a more detailed description, see `Skamarock et al. 2012 `__. Contact ~~~~~~~ `Falko Judt `__, National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), USA Data structure -------------- Horizontal ~~~~~~~~~~ For DYAMOND, MPAS employs the following meshes: +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Global mean | Number of | | | | | mesh spacing | grid cols | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 15km | 2621442 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 7.5km | 10485762 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | 3.75km | 41943042 | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ Vertical ~~~~~~~~ The number of vertical levels is 75. A detailed list can be found `here `__. Data access ----------- **History Files, Output Interval: PT03H** Output will be written for all levels. +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | uReconstructZonal | zonal component of horizontal | | | velocity | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | vReconstructMeridional | meriodonal component of | | | horizontal velocity | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | w | vertical velocity | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | temperature | actual temperature | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | pressure | pressure | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | qv | water vapor mixing ratio | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | qc | cloud water mixing ratio | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | qi | ice mixing ratio | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | qr | rain water mixing ratio | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | qs | snow mixing ratio | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | qg | graupel mixing ratio | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | ni | cloud ice number concentration | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | nr | rain number concentration | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | skintemp | ground or water surface | | | temperature | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | sst | sea-surface temperature | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | snow | snow water equivalent | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | snowh | physical snow depth | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | vegfra | vegetation fraction | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | sh2o | soil equivalent liquid water | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | smois | soil moisture | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | tslb | soil layer temperature | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+   **Diagnostics Files, Output Interval: PT15M** +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | taux | surface zonal momentum flux, in N m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | tauy | surface meridional momentum flux, in N m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | olrtoa | top-of-atmosphere outgoing longwave radiation | | | flux, in W m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | cldcvr | cloud cover, here taken as the maximum of the | | | 3D field cloudfraction along the vertical | | | dimension, unitless | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | vert_int_qv | vertically integrated water vapor mixing | | | ratio, in kg m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | vert_int_qc | vertically integrated cloud water mixing | | | ratio, in kg m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | vert_int_qr | vertically integrated rain mixing ratio, in kg | | | m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | vert_int_qi | vertically integrated ice mixing ratio, in kg | | | m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | vert_int_qs | vertically integrated snow mixing ratio, in kg | | | m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | vert_int_qg | vertically integrated graupel mixing ratio, in | | | kg m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | refl10cm_1km | diagnosed 10 cm radar reflectivity at 1 km | | | AGL, in dBZ | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | precipw | precipitable water, in kg m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | u10 | 10-meter zonal wind, in m s^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | v10 | 10-meter meridional wind, in m s^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | q2 | 2-meter specific humidity, in kg kg^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | t2m | 2-meter temperature, in K | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | th2m | 2-meter potential temperature, in K | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | mslp | mean sea-level pressure, in Pa | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | relhum_200hPa | relative humidity vertically interpolated to | | | 200 hPa, in % | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | relhum_250hPa | relative humidity vertically interpolated to | | | 250 hPa, in % | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | relhum_500hPa | relative humidity vertically interpolated to | | | 500 hPa, in % | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | relhum_700hPa | relative humidity vertically interpolated to | | | 700 hPa, in % | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | relhum_850hPa | relative humidity vertically interpolated to | | | 850 hPa, in % | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | relhum_925hPa | relative humidity vertically interpolated to | | | 925 hPa, in % | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | dewpoint_200hPa | dewpoint temperature vertically interpolated | | | to 200 hPa, in K | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | dewpoint_250hPa | dewpoint temperature vertically interpolated | | | to 250 hPa, in K | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | dewpoint_500hPa | dewpoint temperature vertically interpolated | | | to 500 hPa, in K | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | dewpoint_700hPa | dewpoint temperature vertically interpolated | | | to 700 hPa, in K | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | dewpoint_850hPa | dewpoint temperature vertically interpolated | | | to 850 hPa, in K | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | dewpoint_925hPa | dewpoint temperature vertically interpolated | | | to 925 hPa, in K | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | temperature_200hPa | temperature vertically interpolated to 200 | | | hPa, in K | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | temperature_250hPa | temperature vertically interpolated to 250 | | | hPa, in K | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | temperature_500hPa | temperature vertically interpolated to 500 | | | hPa, in K | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | temperature_700hPa | temperature vertically interpolated to 700 | | | hPa, in K | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | temperature_850hPa | temperature vertically interpolated to 850 | | | hPa, in K | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | temperature_925hPa | temperature vertically interpolated to 925 | | | hPa, in K | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | height_200hPa | geometric height interpolated to 200 hPa, in m | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | height_250hPa | geometric height interpolated to 250 hPa, in m | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | height_500hPa | geometric height interpolated to 500 hPa, in m | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | height_700hPa | geometric height interpolated to 700 hPa, in m | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | height_850hPa | geometric height interpolated to 850 hPa, in m | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | height_925hPa | geometric height interpolated to 925 hPa, in m | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | uzonal_200hPa | zonal wind at cell centers, vertically | | | interpolated to 200 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | uzonal_250hPa | zonal wind at cell centers, vertically | | | interpolated to 250 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | uzonal_500hPa | zonal wind at cell centers, vertically | | | interpolated to 500 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | uzonal_700hPa | zonal wind at cell centers, vertically | | | interpolated to 700 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | uzonal_850hPa | zonal wind at cell centers, vertically | | | interpolated to 850 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | uzonal_925hPa | zonal wind at cell centers, vertically | | | interpolated to 925 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | umeridional_200hPa | meridional wind at cell centers, vertically | | | interpolated to 200 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | umeridional_250hPa | meridional wind at cell centers, vertically | | | interpolated to 250 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | umeridional_500hPa | meridional wind at cell centers, vertically | | | interpolated to 500 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | umeridional_700hPa | meridional wind at cell centers, vertically | | | interpolated to 700 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | umeridional_850hPa | meridional wind at cell centers, vertically | | | interpolated to 850 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | umeridional_925hPa | meridional wind at cell centers, vertically | | | interpolated to 925 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | w_200hPa | vertical velocity vertically interpolated to | | | 200 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | w_250hPa | vertical velocity vertically interpolated to | | | 250 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | w_500hPa | vertical velocity vertically interpolated to | | | 500 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | w_700hPa | vertical velocity vertically interpolated to | | | 700 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | w_850hPa | vertical velocity vertically interpolated to | | | 850 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | w_925hPa | vertical velocity vertically interpolated to | | | 925 hPa, in m/s | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | omega_200hPa | pressure velocity vertically interpolated to | | | 200 hPa, in Pa s^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | omega_250hPa | pressure velocity vertically interpolated to | | | 250 hPa, in Pa s^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | omega_500hPa | pressure velocity vertically interpolated to | | | 500 hPa, in Pa s^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | omega_700hPa | pressure velocity vertically interpolated to | | | 700 hPa, in Pa s^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | omega_850hPa | pressure velocity vertically interpolated to | | | 850 hPa, in Pa s^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | omega_925hPa | pressure velocity vertically interpolated to | | | 925 hPa, in Pa s^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | vorticity_200hPa | relative vorticity vertically interpolated to | | | 200 hPa, in s^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | vorticity_250hPa | relative vorticity vertically interpolated to | | | 250 hPa, in s^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | vorticity_500hPa | relative vorticity vertically interpolated to | | | 500 hPa, in s^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | vorticity_700hPa | relative vorticity vertically interpolated to | | | 700 hPa, in s^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | vorticity_850hPa | relative vorticity vertically interpolated to | | | 850 hPa, in s^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | vorticity_925hPa | relative vorticity vertically interpolated to | | | 925 hPa, in s^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | cape | convective available potential energy with | | | respect to surface parcel, in J kg^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | cin | convective inhibition with respect to surface | | | parcel, in J kg^{-1} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | acswupb | accumulated all-sky upward surface shortwave | | | radiation flux, in J m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | acswdnb | accumulated all-sky downward surface shortwave | | | radiation flux, in J m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | acswnetb | accumulated all-sky net surface shortwave | | | radiation flux, in J m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | acswdnt | accumulated all-sky downward top-of-atmosphere | | | shortwave radiation flux, in J m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | acswnett | accumulated all-sky net top-of-atmosphere | | | shortwave radiation, in J m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | aclwupb | accumulated all-sky upward surface longwave | | | radiation flux, in J m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | aclwdnb | accumulated all-sky downward surface longwave | | | radiation flux, in J m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | aclwnetb | accumulated all-sky net surface longwave | | | radiation, in J m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | aclwupt | accumulated all-sky upward surface longwave | | | radiation flux, in J m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | aclwdnt | accumulated clear-sky downward surface | | | longwave radiation flux, in J m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | aclwnett | accumulated all-sky net top-of-atmosphere | | | longwave radiation flux, in J m^{-2} | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | rainc | accumulated convective precipitation, in mm | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ | rainnc | accumulated total grid-scale precipitation, in | | | mm | +--------------------+------------------------------------------------+ Initialisation and Boundary conditions -------------------------------------- Soil Initialisation ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Soil initialisation is done via ERA-5. Input Data ~~~~~~~~~~ Input data are generated from ERA-5. Treatment of SST and Sea Ice ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ MPAS uses the provided `IFS data (7 day means) `__. See also --------